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Farrell Mata Hari

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300 years before the birth of Christ

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the men of Alexandria were already

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making scientific measurements of the

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stars and planets and always since then

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there have been those whose imagination

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turned their eyes and thoughts to the

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far reaches of space

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and so today man is positively and truly

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extending the knowledge and the control

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of his environment and for the first

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time is reaching effectively beyond his

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own terrestrial boundaries for the first

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time he is studying the sky from the sky

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project Saturn is a major American

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contribution to this advancement Saturn

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is the largest launch vehicle at present

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under development in the free world

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this is a rocket with a million and a

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half pound thrust it will put a 10 ton

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payload into orbit around our earth to

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the moon and in a deep space a later

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more powerful version of Saturn will be

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capable of putting up a payload of two

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and a half times this amount 25 tons it

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will be our first major rocket for space

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exploration and is being developed

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specifically as part of an overall

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scientific engineering program Saturn

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uses the building block principle it is

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made up of various stages each of which

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will drop behind in space as its fuel

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becomes exhausted Saturn can be a two

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three or four stage rocket depending on

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the use to which it will be put and the

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payloads it has to carry a three stage

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Saturn will be 185 feet high as high as

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an 18-story building and 22 feet wide at

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here is a scale model alongside the

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first stage of the real thing

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although scaled down to 1/10 size it

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still Dwarfs a man by comparison the two

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stage Saturn is planned as a kind of

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utility space truck to put large

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payloads into orbit around the Earth

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with it larger space ships could be

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refueled before moving outward on longer

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journeys Saturn with additional stages

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will be used for probes to the moon and

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the farther planets a four stage Saturn

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will land precision instruments on the

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moon although other United States

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rockets may get to the moon before it

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Saturn will put up the greatest payloads

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it can obtain information from several

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areas on a single moon trip and later

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return actual samples from the moon

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surface most importantly Saturn will

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send a three-man spacecraft the Apollo

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around the moon and back to earth with

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refueling in space it could at last

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and so in the various industries and

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universities under the guidance of the

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National Aeronautics and Space

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Administration research is planned

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techniques develop materials checked out

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and although the Space Age has but begun

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already we have accumulated a great

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wealth of technical and scientific

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experience basically Saturn is the

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outgrowth of mechanisms that have been

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tested and proven the first guidance

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system to be used in Saturn for example

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is an improvement on that used in the

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Jupiter rocket

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however the guidance system for the

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Centaur developed in the Atlas centaur

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program of the space administration

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appropriately modified may prove much

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more versatile it is hoped that it will

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be capable of guiding Saturn on more

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the Saturn booster has a cluster of

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rocket engines so that like a

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multi-engine plane one engine may cut

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out without impairing the effectiveness

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of the launch vehicle and the propellant

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from the inoperative rocket engine will

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in some stages automatically be put to

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there are eight booster engines in the

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first stage of Saturn six in the second

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in trial small test models are

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constructed to scale and test made to

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verify in fact what has been predicted

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in live the captive conditions measuring

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instruments register the various thrust

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stresses and responses meanwhile

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full-scale production is going steadily

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forward project Saturn's technical

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demands are widespread and its needs

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critical and so at various industrial

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plants across the nation the hardware

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the airframes the guidance systems the

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instrumentation and the Rockets

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themselves precisely take their

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blueprinted shape ready for assembly

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newly devised parts call for unusual

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production methods undreamed of sizes

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for example this furnace needed to treat

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an upper stage engine is the largest of

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following manufacture and check out by

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the contractor each engine for the first

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stage of Saturn is shipped to Marshall

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each engine separately undergoes final

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exhaustive captive test before it is

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these gleaming metal tanks plus liquid

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fuel will send man and his instruments

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through space at an incredible 25,000

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miles per hour

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finally the uppermost stage with its two

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engines will propel the payload through

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space this space giant so Swift and

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responsive on high is too ponderous and

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bulky one earth bound to be transported

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in one piece even the separate stages of

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Saturn require special vehicles to carry

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oversized trucks and barges come into

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being already experienced in space

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technology has the hard-headed engineers

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talking about cost per pound of payload

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in orbit as if it were commonplace an

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example four years ago it cost between

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300,000 and 1 million dollars to put one

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pound of payload into orbit but past

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investment is paying off now as

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investment today will pay off in the

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future today with advanced knowledge an

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increased production cost has been cut

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to about $5,000 per pound by truck and

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barge now the stages will finally arrive

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here is the water route saturn will

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follow cape canaveral only a village in

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a resort a few years back today it means

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just one thing to every schoolboy

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rockets the launch facilities at Cape

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Canaveral have been constructed to

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handle both present and future versions

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of Saturn the erecting gantry over 300

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feet high is the tallest movable

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structure in the world it has direct

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connection with the block houses from

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which into which all signals come

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signals from the electronic tools which

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tell how the rocket is performing and

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without which there could be no launch

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for the nine hundred separate channels

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of information are relayed from the

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rocket through the recording and control

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equipment in the blockhouse we have come

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far since the men of alexandria made

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their primitive observations of the

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heavens our space age is just beginning

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we do not yet know where it will

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ultimately lead us but we do know that

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project Saturn will vastly increase our